Single-track signaling system.



2 BEETS-$112M 1.

"PATENTED JAN. 29,; 1907.

-R. J. HEWETT; SINGLE TRACK SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1906.

INIVENTOR fi ATTORNEY E S S E N H W .315. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

' -11. Ji HEWETT. SINGLE TRACK SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1906.

' 2 sums-3mm 2.

k wig; $5

WITNESSES W STATS ROBERT JOSEPHUS HEWETT,

THE HALL OF WESTFIELD,

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 22, 1906. Serial No. 331.549.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RoBERT'JosEPHUs HEWETT, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and

a resident of Westfield, in the county of Union, State of New Jersey,- have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Single-Track Signaling Systems, of which the following is-a specification.

paling-systems.

This invention relates to single-track sig- The system embodying the invention-may extend over any desired number of blocks and may be alternated, if desired, withot'her train, either inrunning or outrunn1ng,reaches a predetermined locality, it will affect suit: able means, preferably a selector-circuit extending throughout the block, so as to cause the signal or signals corresponding to the direction of its movement to indicate safety and-also to cause the signal or signals correless delay to traffic.

the system operate so that a train immedi lsi'ponding to the train movements of opposite rectionto indicate danger, it being fur ther provided that in case two trains approaching in opposite directions reach said predetermined localities simultaneously that they will not both be stopped by a dangersignal, but that one will receive a danger-sign'al and that one will receive a safety-signal and may proceed into the block without use- It is'also preferred that ately following a train 'which has obtained right of way through the block mayscontinue to hold the right of way against an opposite train movement'and may enter the block after saidfirst train has progressed avsuflicient dis tance to insure the safe entrance of said second tra inthat is, it is desired that adjacent train movements in the same'direction succeed one another rather than alternate with train movements in the opposite direction,

cate safety, while the remaining set indicates danger. It is also preferred toemploy a selector circ'uit which'includes a lplurality of polarized selectors of such a character that the objects of the invention maybe accomplished. Y v

Further objects of the invention are to provide subsections in a block, particularly in a long block, and to employ home and disoverlap control.

vided for the subsections and are arranged automatically to be connected in a rail-cir- The above and further features of the invention will be a parent in the following description'and will be pointed out in the claims. An embodiment of the invention is shown of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 shows the inrunning entrance to and a portion of a block provided with the system. Fig. 2 shows the outrunning e ntrance to and the remaining portion of a block provided with the system.

' Referring now more particularly to the drawings, 1 designates a preliminary trackdesignates a similar preliminary track-section'comprlsed (m a second passing station.

running entrance and the outrunni'ng entrance of a block extending therebetween. This block is shown-subdivided into aplurality of subsections, the first-from the inrunning entrance of. the blockbeing designated by .3, the second by 4, and the third by 5 ning home signals, one for each of sections'3, 4,-and'5,respect1vely.

.9, 10, and 11 designate outrunnlng home the subrespe'ctively.

12a'nd 13 ,designate inrunning distant signals, one for each of the respective subsections except the last from the inrunning end Patented Jan. 29, 1907.

In carrying 'out these objects it IS preferred to have one or the other set of signals indi-v tant signals or at least signals which havean cuit by the actio'n of a train and cooperating in the accompanying drawings, forming part section comprised in a passing station, and 2 Sections 1 and 2, respectively, precede the in- 6, 7, and 8 designate, respectively, iniunsignals for each of the subsections 5, 4, and 3,

NEW JERSEY, AssIcNoR o SIGNAL COMPANY, *ACORPORATION or MAINE.

In the preferred form of the invention track-batteries or other equivalents are pro of the block-and, namely, for subsections 3 l and 4,- respectively.

section 1, while 18 designates a similar tracle relay normally connected in circuit with the track-battery 19 through the opposite rails of the preliminary section 2. I 1

20 designatesa switch-circuit closer connected in series with track-relay 16, normally closed, as shown, and which is,0pened when the Tail-switch 21'1s opened. 22 designates a similar switch-circuit closer connected in I series with the track-relay 18, normally closed, as shown, and opened when the rail.- switch 23 is opened. These two relays16 and 18 therefore constitute track or train controlled means and they control a selector-circuit, as will hereinafter appear.

24, 25, 26, and 27 designate electromagnetic devices, and particularly polarized selectors,

preferably located, as shown, respectively near the ends of the respective subsections.

- subsections.

' 28 and 29, 30 and 31, 32 and 33 are pairs of track-relays-which bridge across the opposite insulated rails of the subsections 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The respectiveconnections of theserelays are preferably made to the rails of the subsections near the ends of said "34 and '35, 36 controllers mechanically operated, respectively, by the outrunning home signals 9, 10, and 11. Circuit-controllers 34, 36, 37, and 38 are open when their associated home signals are at danger, while circuit-controller is closed when its associated home signal 9 is at danger. I

39 and 40, 41 and 42, and 43 are circuitcontrollers mechanically operated, respectively, by the inrunning home signals 6, 7, and 8. Circuit-controllers 39, 4 1, 42, and 43 are closed when their associated home signals are res ectively at safety, while circuitcontrol er is opened when its associated home signal is at safety.

When the indication of a home signal is opposite to that indicated in the drawings, the condition of the associated circuit-controller or circuit-controllers is likewise opposite to that shown in the drawingsnamely, agircuit-controller which is open when its associated home signal is at safety, is closed when the signal is at danger and vice versa.

Each of the selectors 24, 25, 26, and 27 comprises one or more polarized armatures, as shown, which are positively thrown in one direction or the other, according to the direc tion'of current passing through the coils of the selector. These armatures are so mounted that they remain in the position into and 37, and 38 are cireuitwhich they have been thrown even after the deenergization of the coils in the selector. They are therefore termed dead-beat armatures. These armatures constitute circuit-controllers for various circuits and will be referred to below in connection with said circuits. 7

44 and 45 designate similar sources of electric energy, (shown as batteries,) located, respectively, near the opposite ends of the. block. These batteries are normally connectedin a. circuit extending throughout the block through theseleetors, so that one battery is in opposition to the other and so that normally no current flows in said circuit. This circuit may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47, wire 48, positive pole of battery 44, negative pole of battery 44, wire 49, contact 50, armature 51,- selector 24, wire 53, armature 54 of track-relay-28, contact 55, selector-wire '56, armature 57 of track-relay 29, contact 58, wire'59, selector 25, wire 60, armature 61 of track-relay 30, contact 62, selector-wire 63, armature 64 of track-relay 31, contact 65, -wire 66, selector 26, wire 67, armature 68 of track-relay 32, contact 69, selector-wire 70,

. armature 71 of track-relay33, contact 72, wire 73, selector 27 wire 74, armature 75 of trackrelay 18, contact 76, wires 77 and 78 to negative pole of battery 45,

Each of the batteries 44 and 45 is so arranged that it will be cut out of the circuit traced above upon the deenergization of the corresponding track-relay 16 or 18. The deenergization of the inrunni-ng track-relay 1.6 thereby closes an inrunning clearing selectorcircuit from battery 45, which maybe traced as follows: positive pole of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47, wires 79 and 80, contact 81, armature 82 of track-relay 1.6, wire 52,

, selector 24', wire 53, armature-54, contact 55,

selector-wire 56, armature 57, contact 58,

wire 59, selector 25, wire 60, armature 61,

contact 62, selector-wire 63,- armature 64, contact 65, wire 6 6, selector 26, wire 67 ar mature 68,.contact 69, selector-wire 70, armature71, contact 72, wire 73, selector 27, wire '74, armature 75,'contact 76, wires 77 and 78 to negative pole of battery 45. This cireuitis normally open, as shown at 81, but

when closed is traversed by a current in a given direction and may be termed to be' energized with a characteristicpolarity. The energizetion of this circuit serves to energize the poklarized selectors 24, 25,26, and 27, so that all their armatures are moved to the right, as illustrated in the drawings.

Upon the deenergiza'tion or outrunning track-relay 18 the outrunning clearing selector-circuit is closed and may be traced as follows positive pole of battery 44, wire 48, common wire 47, wires 83 and 84, contact 85, armature 86, wire 74, selector 27, wire 73, contact 72; armature 71, selector-wire 7 0,

contact 69,-armature 68, wire 67, selector 26, wire 66,'contac t 65, armature 64, selectorwire 63, contact '62, armature 61, wire 60, selector 25, wire 59, contact- 58, armature 57,

selector wi're 56, contact 55, armature 54, wire 53, selector 24, wire 52,- armature 51, contact 50, wire 49 to negative pole of batter'y 44. This circuit is normally open, as shown at85,'but when. closed serves to ener- 1o gize all the selectors with a characteristic p0 larity opposite to that imparted to them by,"

the inrunning selector-circuit traced above.

Thisenergization of theselectors 24, 2 5, 26,

and 27 serves to move all of the armatures of the selectors to the left. Y

' The signal-circuit for inrunning home signal-6 maybe traced as follows: positive ter' minal of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47, wire" 79, home signal 6, wire 86,contact 2o 87, armature 88,. wire 89, contact 90, armature' 91 of polarized relay 24,wire 92, battery wire 93, wire 94, armature 95-ofpolarized se-, lector 27 cont-act 96., wire 9.7, circuit-controller 35, wire 98-, wire 78 to negative poleof 2 5 battery 45. This circuit is normally closed. when the partsare as shown in the drawings.

The signal-circuit for inrunning home .51

nal 7 may be traced as follows positive p0 e of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47 wire 7 o 99, wires 100 and 101, home signal 7, Wire 102, armature 103 of selector 25, wire 104,

armature 105, contact 106, wire 107, batterywire 93, wire 94, armature 95, contact 96,

7 wire '97, circuit-controller35, wire 98., wire 78 to the negative pole of battery 45. This circuit is normally closed when the parts are as shown in the drawings.

The signal-circuit for inrunning home signal 8 may be traced as follows: positive pole 40 of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47 wire 108, wire 109, home signal 8, wire 110, contact 111., armature 112 of selector 26, wire 113, armature 114, contact 115, wire 116, battery-wire 93, wire .94, armature 95 con- 5 tact 96, wire 97, circuit-controller 35, wire 98, wire 78 to negative pole of battery45.

This circuit isno'rmally closed when the parts J are as shown in the drawings.

The signal-circuit for the inrunning dis- 5o tant signal '12 may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47, wire 79, wire 117, circuit-controller 39,

wire 118, distant signal 12, wire .119, wire 120, rail 121 of subsection 3, wire 122, wire 123, circuit-controller 42. wire 107, batterywire 93, wire 94, 95, 96, 97', 35, 9s, 78 to negative pole of battery 45. This circuit is closed when the parts are as shown in the drawings. The signabcircuit for inrunning distant 6 -signal 13 may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 45, wire 46, common wire 47 wire 99, wire 100, circuit-controller. 41, wire 218, distant signal 13, wire 219, wire 124, rail 125 of subsection wire 126, wire 127, circuit-controller 43, wire 1-16, battery-wire 93,

nals include circuit-controllers, held open when the home signals are at signal movement.

relay 29, wire 154, battery-wire 93, 92, 134,

94, 95, 9e, 97, 3-5, 95, 78 to negative pole of battery 45. This circuit. is closed when the.

parts are as shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that all of the signalcircuits just traced for the inrunning signals are supplied with energy in multiple om the source of electric energy or battery .45. When these circuits are initially energized, the circuits for the home signals are first closed, since the circuitsfor-the distant Sig; which ar danger .and are not closed until the home signals have gone to safety. When the signals have been put to safety by-theen-' 8o .ergization of their respective circuits, they are held at safety by the continued energization of saidcircuits. Although the circuits just traced are-diagrammatically indif cated as including respective signals, it is to be understood that e ..ch particular circuit is connected through some well-known signal mech.nismsuch as a releasing-magnet,

,chitch device, motor,'&c.as it is not necessary that the current in .these' circuits be itself employed as a motive power to cause a This statement applies to all signals as well as to the inrunning signals'the-circuits for which have been traced All signals have a bias to danger, so that if an associated circuit is broken the signal cannot give a false indication of ."safety, but

must indicate danger until the faulty circuit is repaired.

The outrun-ning signals are provided with signal-circuits similar to those traced for the inrunning signals, but supplied with energy from battery 44. The signal-circuit for outrunning. home signal. 9 may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 44, wire 48, common wire 47,wire83, home signal 9, wire 128, contact- 129, armature 130 of track-relay 33, wire 131, contact 132, armature 133 of sel'ector 27, wire 94, battery-wire 93, wire'92, armature 134 of selector 24, contact 135, wire 136, circuit-controller 40, wire 137,'wire 49 to negative pole of battery 44; open, asshown, at 135,40, and 132*.

The signal-circuit for home signal 10 may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 44, 48, and 47, wire 108, wire 138,.wire139, home signal 10, wire 1.40, contact 141, armature 142 of selector 26,-wire 143, contact 144, armature 145 of traclerelay 31, wire 146, bat-. tery-wire 93, 92, 134, 135, 136,40, 137, .49 to negative pole of battery44. This circuit is open at contact1 35, controller 40, andcontact 141 when the parts are as shown in the drawings.

The signal-circuit for home signal 11 may be-traced as follows: positive pole of battery 44, 48, 47, 99, wire 147, home signal 11, wire 148, contact 149, armature 150 of selector 25, wire 1551, contact 152, armature 153 of tracki35, 186, 40, 137, -19 to negative ole of battery 44. This circuit'is' open at contact 135,

controller 40, andcontact 149 when the parts.

. 44, 48, 47, 83, wire 155, 'circuit-contToller 34,

wire 156, distant signal '14, wire 157, rail 153, wire 1.59, circuit-controller 37, wire 160, 146, 93,92, 134, 135, 136, 40, 137, 49 to positive ole of battery 44. This circuit is open at circuitcontrollcr 34, circuit-crmtroller 37, circuitcontroller 40, and contact 135 when the parts are as shown n the drawings.

The signal-circuit for distant signal 15 may be traced as follows: positive pole of battery 44, 48, 47, 108, 138, circuit-controller'36, wire 16], distant signal 15, wire 162, rail 163 of subsection 4, wire 164, circrut-controller 38, ii-e165, 151, 03,02, 1:14, 1:55, 136, 40, 137, 49

tonegativc-pole ofbattery44. This circuit is open at circui t-controller36, circuit-controller 3S, circuit-controller 40, and contact 135 when th parts are as shown in the drawings.

166 and 167 designate track-batteries or their equivalents respectively-connected to the opposite ends of rail 163 of subsection 3 by wires 169 and 170. 171 and 172 designate track-batteries or their equivalents respectively connected to the opposite ends of rail 163 of subsection 4 by wires 173 and 174. 175 and 176 designate similar track-batteries or their equivalents connected, respectively, to the opposite ends of rail 158 of subsection 5 by wires .177 and 17S. -These batteries are arranged to be connected one. at.a time across two rails of the associated subsection through the medium of armaturcs controlled by thesclectors 24, 25, 26, and 27, so as to'complete local inrunning or local outrunning track-re-- lay circuits.

The local inrunning-track-relay circuit for subsection 3 may be tracedfollows: bat tery 1'67, wire 179, armature 1.80 of selector 25, contact 181, wire 122, rail 121 of subsection 3, wire 182, trackrelay 28, wire 183, rail 16% of subsection 3, wire. 170 back to battery The local inrunning track-relay circuit for subsection 4 may be traced as follows: batterv 172, wire. 1S4, armature 185 of selector 26, contact 1S6 wire 126, rail 125 11 subsection 4, wirev 1S7, track-relay 30, wire, 19S, rail 163 of subsection 4, wire 174 back to battery 172.

The local inrunning track-relay circuit for subscction 5 may be. traced asiollows: battery 176, wire 189, armature 1.90 of selector 27, contact 191, wire 192, rail 193 of subsection wire 194, track-relay 32'. wire 195, rail 158 of subsection 5, wire 17 8 back to battery 17 6. The local inrunning traclvrclay circuits traced above are all closed when the parts are as shown in the drawings.

The local outrunning track-relay. circuit 101' subsection 5 may be traced as follows:

battery 175, wire 196, contact197, armature 198 of selector 26, wire 199, rail 193 of subsect ion 5, wire 200, track-relay 33, wire 201, rail 158 of subsection 5, wire 177 back to battery 175. I

The local outrunning' track-relay circuit for subsection 4 may be traced as follows: battery 1.71, wire 202, contact 203, armature 204 of selector 25, wire 205, rail 125 of subsection 4, wire 206, track-relay 31, Wire 207, rail 163 of subsection 4, wire 173 back to battery 171.

The local outrunning track-relay circuit for subsection 3 may be traced as follows: battery 166, wire 208, armature 209 of selector 24, contact 210, wire 211-, rail 121 of subsection'3, wire 21!, track-relay 29, wire 2'13, rail 168 of subsection 3, Wire 169 back to battery-166. These latter local outrunning trackrelay circuits are open, respectively, at contacts 197, 203, and 210 when the armatures of the selectors are in the position illustrated in the drawings. When the selectors 24, 25, 2 6, and 27 have been energized with the oppositc'polarity, th'c' outrunning local. track-relay circuits will be closed instead of the local inrunning trackrelay circuits, as described and as shown in the drawings.

The various circuits and cooperating devices are shown in the drawings in the. condition in which they are left after an outrun ning train has progressed throughout the block from station to station and has left preliminary section 1' to continue its outrunning course. The operation of the system in response to such an outrunning train will now be described.

As the train enters preliminary section 2 its wheels and axles bridge the opposite rails of said section and shunt out traclerelay 18, which is thereupon denergized and releases its armatures and 86." Armature 75 breaks contact with 76 and cuts battery 45 out of the normalselector-circuit,the first circuit described. Armature 86 contacts with S5 and closes theoutrunning selectorcireuit previously described and energized by battery 44. This selector-circuit energizes each of the selectors 24, 25, 26, and 27 with a characteristic polarlty, and said selectors ICC respectively reverse each of the sets of armatures 209, 134, and. 91; 150, 180, 103; 142, 185, 198, and 112; and 133, 95, and

. fro1n'the right-hand position illustrated in the drawings to a left-hand position to lirst break certain circuits and then make certain other -circuits, as will forthwith be described. Armature 91 breaks at 90 signalcircuit for inrunning home signal 6 previously described. Armature 103 of selector 25 breaks at 102'signal-circuit for inrunning home signal 7 previously described. Armature 112 of selector 26 breaks at 111 the sigrial-circuit for inrunning home signal 8 pre 204, and

pintsnarnely, said circuit-controllers 39 a 141, and signal is caused to go to safety.

. signal-circuit for outrunning distant signal assume opposite positionsfrom those illus- 'trated in'the drawings, all the outrunning signals indicating "safety and all the in, r

' out track-relays 28 and 29 to release their as- -provisions.- Home signal 6 opens circuit- .it is evident that the first signa movement signal 9, previously described as open at 40,

38 are closed and circuit-controller 35 is viously' described. Thereupon these 1 signalcircuits being I denergized the inrunning" hozne signals 6, 47,, and'8 are caused to goto danger by gravity or by other suitable controller 39 and closes circuit-controller 40-. O going ,to' danger home signal. 7 opens circuit controller's 41' and' 42. Likewise home signal Son going to danger'opens circuit-controller 43. The opening of circuitcontrollers 39,and 42 breaks the si'gnal-circuit for inrunning distant signa'l 12 at two and 42. Distantsignal 12 is then caused to go to danger. The opening of circuit-com trollers 42 and 43 breaks the signal-circuit for distant "signal 13 at two pointsnamely, controllers 42 and 43. Distant signal 13 is thereupon caused to go to dan er. Thus caused by an outrunning train'entering preliminary section 2 is to put the signals of the block at danger against a train movement in the opposite direction. Not until inrun ning home signal 6 has been put at danger, closing circuit-controller 40, can the first outrunning home signal 9 be put to safety, since this signal-circuit includes said circuitcontroller 40, as previously described. I

' The signal-circuit 'for outrunning home 135, and 132., is now closed at these threepoints, and the home signal 9 is caused to go to safety. The signal-circuit for home signal '10 is likewiseclosed at 40, 135, and

Likewise the signal-circuit for home signal 11 is closed at 40, 135, and 149, and signal 11? is also caused to go to safefty.-.. As outrunning hoine'signals 9, 10,'.}and"11 go to safety circuit-controllers 34, 36, 37, and

open. The closing 0f C1I'C111l}COI1i/TOll8lf ,34 and circuit-controller 37 completes the signal-circuit for outrunning distant signal 14 previously described, which is thereupon caused to go to safety. i The closing of circuit-controllers36 and 38cornpletes the 15 previously described, whereupon said signal is caused to go to safety. All the. signals illustrated have now been caused to runnin signals indicating danger Besides afiectingthe various signals, as just described, the movement to the left of in the local track-relay circuits. as follows: Armatures 190, 185, and 180, respectively, open the inrunning track-relay circuits for subsections 5, and 3 at contacts 191, 186, and-181. Armatures198, 204, and 209, respectively, close the out-running track-relay go to safety, because circuits for subsections 5, 4, and 3 at contacts 197, 203, and 210, respectively. No matter whether the inrunning or the outrunning track-relay circuits are the ones energized the trackrelays 28,-29, 30, 31, 32, and'33 will be energized to hold their associated armatures attracted, as shown in the drawings.

As'the advancing outrunningtrain enters subsection 5 it shunts out track-relays'33 and 32 by bridging the opposite rails 158 and 193.. These two track-relays are then .deenergized to release their armatures 68 114 and 71 130, and-the circuit for home-signal 9 is then broken'by armature 130 at contact 129, whereupon said signal 9 goes to dan- 'g'er, o ening circuit-controller 34;, which breaks t e signal-circuit for distant signal 14, causing said signal 14 also to go to danger.

Armatures 7,1 and 68 break the selector-circuit at 72, and 69, so that ;an opposing through-train may not obtain control thereof. This breaking of-theselector-circuit, although it denergizes the'selectors, does not affect the position of their-dead-beat, armatures, which have a tendency to remain in the last extreme position towhich they are moved. i

As the train leaves preliminary section 2 battery 19 reenergizes track-relay 18 to attract its'armatures 75 and 86 and restore the same to the position shown in the drawings.

As the train advances into subsection 4 it shunts out track-relays 31 and 30 to release armatures 64 145 and 61 respectively; Armaturebreaks the circuit forhome signal lOat contact 144, whereupon home signal 10 goes to-danger and opens circuit-controllers 36 and 37. The opening of too circuit-controller 36 breaks the signal-circuit 'for'distant signal 15, which thereupon also goes to.danger. 'Armatures 61 and 64 break the selector-circuit at two additional points-nainely, 62 and 65. J a

As the advancing train leaves subsection 5 battery renergizes track-relays 32 and 33 to attract their associated armatures. Armature 130 in again making contact with 129 closes the-circuit for home signal 9, causing'said'signal to go to safety and open circuit-closer 35 and close circuit-controller 34 in the circuit for distant signal '14. Although34 is closed, distant signal 14 cannot at controller37.

As the 'train enters subsection 3 it shunts sociated armatures. "Armature 153 breaks the circuit for home signal 11 at contact 152, whereupon said home signal goes to danger. Armatures 54 and 57 open the selector-circuit at two additional po1nts-namely,

it's circuit is now open armatures. Armature 145 closes the circuit for home signal 10 at 144, causing said signal to go to safety and close circuit-controllers 36 and 37. The closing of circuit-controller 37 completes the circuit for distant signal 14, which thereupon goes to safety. The two breaks in the selector-circuit at'62 and are closed by armatures 61 and 64, respectively.

As the train enters preliminary section l'it shunts out track-relay 16, which releases its armatures 51 and S2. Armature 51 cuts out the battery 44 at 50, and armature 32 connects the common wire 47 with the inrunning end of the select r-wires through the medium of contact 81, &c. ning selector.circuit, which would be supplied with power from battery 45, is new broken at 55 and 58 the closing of armature 82 on 81 does not complete this circuit. As soon, however, as the advancing train entirely leaves subsection 3' track-battery 166 renergizes track-relays 28 and 29, which attract their .armatures and close the two breaks in the inrunning selector-circuitnamely, at 55 and 58. It should be noted that this selector-circuit has a polarity op po site to that of the outrunning selector-circuit closed when the train entered preliminary section 2. All the selectors 24, 25, 26, and 27 are now energized with a clarity opposite to that given them by tie outrunning selector-circuit. All their armatures are thrown to the right, as shown in the drawings. Outrunning home signal 11 does not go to safety, because 'its circuit is opened by armature 150 breaking contact with 149., although the former break ,in its circuit at 152 is closed when track-relay-ZQ attracts its armature 1513'. Consequently distantsigna'l 15 also does not go to safety, since home signal 11 maintains circuit-controller 38 open, which is included in the circuit for distant signal 15. Armature 142 breaks the circuit for home signal 10 at 141, said signal going to danger and opening circuit-controllers 36 and 37, The opening of circuitcontroller 36 causes distant signal 15 to go to danger by breaking its circuit. Armature 133 breaks the circuit for home signal 9 at 132, causing said signal to go to danger, closing circuit-controller 35' and opening circuit-controller 34. The circuit for distant signal 14 being opened at controller 34 and 37 must also go to danger. The closing'of said eircuitcontroller 35 now completes the circuit for each of the inrunning home signals 6, 7, and 8, said circuits having been previously traced. Said signals thereupon go tb safety. Home signal 6 opens circuit-con: troller 40 and closes circuit-controller 39. Home signal 7 closes controllers 41 and 42. Home signal 8 closes circuit-controller 43. The closing of circuit-controllers 39 and 42 completes the circuit for distant signal 12, previously traced, so that said signal goes to However, as the inrun-' signals 6 and 12, 620.

safety. The closing of circuit-controllers 41 and 43 completes the circuit for distant signal 13, previously traced, so "that said sig nal goes to safety.

The complete system and ap aratus has now been placed in the position illustrated in the drawings, with the exception of track-relay 16, which is deenergized, so asto cut out battery 44. If a second outrunning train should at this timeenter preliminary section 2, it could not gain control of the block, but could merely 'cut out battery 45, in which case both batteries 44 and 45 would be cut out, permitting no energization of their selector-circuit. The outrunning train in pre liminary section 2 would be blocked by the danger indication of signals 9 and 14 and would be obliged to waitat the passing-station until section 1 was clear. On the other hand,'if a third train advancing in an inrunning direction should enter preliminary section 1 on the branch unoccupied by the leaving outrunning tram it would be permitted to enter and traverse the block by the safety indication of the inrunni'ng' signals just described. Returning to the original condition of all clear subsections and a single outrunning train, which we have traced in its progress until it is wholly within preliminary sea tion 1, the last operation upon the system would occur when it left preliminary section 12 Then track-battery 17 would reenergize track-relay-16 to cut in track-battery 44. The normal selector-circuit is now reestablished with battery-44 in opposition to bat- 'tery 45, so that. no current flows in said circuit and the complete system and apparatus in the state illustrated in the drawings.

If the next train to approach the throughblock should be an inrunning train, it would shunt out track-relay 16 on entering preliminary section 1, so as to cut out battery 44 and prevent an outrunning train from gaining control of the through-block. In this case the cutting out of battery 44 would have no immediate effect upon the signal-circuits, as-- the selectors would still maintain their arm'atures in the positions illustrated. The inrunning train would be permitted to advance by the safety indication of the inrunning On entering subsection 3 track-relays 28 and 29'w'ould be shunted out, releasing their armatur'es, as heretofore described. Signalsfi and 12 would go to danger. As'the'train advanced into subsection 4 traok-relays 30 and 31 would be shunted out, releasing their armatures and ,causing signals'7 and 13 to go to danger.

Likewise when the train advanced into subsection 5 tracl*relays 32 and 33 would be shunted out, releasing their armatures, so that signal 8 would go to danger. As this train left each of the subsections the various track-relays would be energized and the signals 6,.13, and 12 would be caused to return lOD IIO

to safety in the order named in a manner similar to that described for outrunning signals 9, 10, and 14. In fact, the system is similar in its operation, as is apparent from the circuitsdescribed, in response either to an outrunning or an inrunning train. It is, how

ever, provided that normallywhen no trains are present in any of the subsections that one complete set of signals, either inrun'ning or outrunning, shouldfbe at safety, .'.while the other set is at danger. interchangeable.-that is, it may not always be that the inrunning signals are at safety While'the outrunning' signals are at danger, as shown in the drawings, The indication depends upon the last train movement. A complete lnrunning train movement leaves all the circuits and signals in the reverse con- .selecto'rs remain in that a signal of a clear subsection is caused to dition from that illustrated, Whlle a comshown inthedrawinge The provision of oth home and distant plete outrunnlng train movement leaves all as signals makes it possible for successive trains moving inthe. same direction to follow one another with one clear subsection ahead of each train: 'It is possible for a second train movinmin the same direction to maintain .contro over the block so long as a similar train is in the block. This is apparent from the fact that so long asa train is in a subsec' tion the associated traclerelays' hold the selector-circuit open,'and the armatures of the their same positions, so

*, if an of the return to safety." More specificall outrunning train has obtained contro block, enters subsection 5, and then a second I "outrunning train enters preliminarysection 2 when the firsttrain proceeds into s'ubsecond train to proceed with to safety, but distant tion 4, then outrunning home signal 9 is caused'to go to safety, as has been previously described; Distant signal 14, however, remains at danger, requiringthe sec:

caution into subthe first outrunning home signal 10 goes signal 15 remains at train-may then prosection 5. As soonas train leaves subscct1on4 danger. The second ceed with caution into subsection 4. In this positely polarizing instance when the first outrunning train leaves subsection 3 home signal 11 goes to safety, because the second outrunnmg train occupying subsection '4 has shunted out track-relays 30 and 3] to .break the selectorcircuit at -62' and 65, which prevents the train, now in preliminary section I, from opthe selectors 24, 25, 26,

1 and'27, so that armaturc 150 of selector 25 would open the signal-circuit for home signal r 11 at'149,as it did when mitted to a single outrunning train passed through the block; The second outrunning train in subsection 4 is then perproceed into subsection 3. The

' track at either end of that illustrated may be provided with any suitable system to protect into subsection 3, for a third-to gressed into subsection 4, for a fifth to have to be in preliminary This feature is.

paratus described.

- switch 21 above it will be apparent that it p is possible for'the first outrunnmg train to have progresse'd -through the block into preliminary section 1, for the second to have progressed progressed into subsection 5, and fora sixth the block as soon as subpermitted to enter Sim lar successive 1nrunsection 5 is clear.

section 2, waiting to be the trains in those localities. From the I have proning trainmovements are likewise provided for, as is apparent from the circuits and ap- The 'effectof theswitch-operated circuitcontrollers 20 and 22 is to break the circuit through track relays 16 and 18, respectively, when the siding-switches 21 and 22 are opened' Thusthe opening of track-switch 21 to permit entrance to branch 214 of pre llminary section 1 will open circuit-controller 20 to denergi ze track-relay 16 and ,prevent v the changing'of the selector-circuits until the is closed. The switch-operated circuit-controller 22 is likewise opened by track switch 23 when said switch is open to give entrance to branch'216 of preliminary section 2.

215 and 217 denote the main Iine branches of thepreliminary' sections 1 and 2, respecto provide the track-relays 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,

and 33 with double windings of respectively a small and a large number of turns, so that as-track-batteries 166 and167, 171"and 172, and 175 and 176are alternately connected in employed in ilo the rail-circuits of the respective" subsections 1 the track-relay at the opposite endof a subf section may have'one of these windings connected in parallel with the other winding track-rails, as .is illustrated in the -which is permanently connected across'the drawings.

This connectionwould be made by a selector.

This expedient is well known in the art, and ifshown in the drawings would merely com.-

plicate the circuits, so as to obscure rather than to clarify the present invention.

' Although the various subsections are shown provided withhome and distant signals,- it should be noted that each distant oftbe track'succeeding the next distant'sigsignal illustrated is controlled by a portion I nal or overlaps said signal in its control.

This feature of overlap control of signalsfor the subsections is capable of attainment by 'witliinthe scope In some instances it is .sets at safety and the circuits other than those illustrated and is of the present invention.

preferable to re verse the connections of both the batteries 44 and 45, so that the negative poles of each are respectively connected to the common wire 47 insteadof the positive poles, as illustrated and described.

What is claimed, and what is desired to be" 2. In a single-track signaling system; a

block provided with a set of one or more iiirunning signals and a set of one or more outrunning signals; and track-controlled means normally maintaining one of i said sets at safety and the other of said sets at danger so as to prevent useless delay to traffic said track-controlled means being responsive to the first train, either inrunning or outrunning, to approach said block to cause the-set of signals corresponding to said'first approaching train to indicate safety and to cause theother'set of signals to indicate danger.

3. In a single-track. signaling system; a

I blockprovided with a set of one or more inrunning signals and a'set of one or more outrunning signals; a selector-circuit normally maintaining one of said sets atsafety and the other of said sets at danger; means near each end oi said block operable by a train to control said selector-circuit and cause one of said setsof one or more signals to indicate safety and to cause the other said sets of one or more signals to indicate-danger.

4. In a single-track signaling system; a block provided with an inrunning and an outrunning signal; a plurality of dead-beat polarized electromagnetic devices for controlling said signals; a selector-circuit including said electromagnetic devices in series and normally maintaining one of said signals at safety and one oi said signals at danger; means near each end of said block operable by a train to energize said selector-circuit rear of said out-running signal for cutting out with a characteristic polarity and cause one of said signals to indicate safety and cause the-other of said signals to indicatedanger.

, 5. In; a single-track signaling system; a block provided with a set of one or more in-' running signals and a set of one or. more outrunning signals; a selector-circuit; a pin rality of electromagnetic devices included in said selector-circuit; each of said electromagnetic devices comprising one or more dead-beat polarized armatures; signal-circuits controlled by said armatures; trainby a train in the rear of characteristic. polarity positively to shift 6. In a singlet-rack electric's ignaling system; a set of im'unning outrunning signals ;.-said sets interchange ably normally at safety and at danger respectively according .to the last train movemerit; a signal-circuit containing two polarized magnetic devices in series which are adapted to control the operation of said signals; a generator in series with said magnetic devices; and means for controlling said magnetic 7. In a single-track electric signalin system, the combination of inrunning an outruimi'ng signals; a signal-circuit containing two polarized electromagnetic devices adapted to control the operation of said signals ing to theipolarity of said circuit; opposing sources of electric energy; means controlled by a train in the rear of the energy and cause the other source to energize said electromagnetic devices to cause the inruimiiig signals to in 'cate safety. and cause the'outrunning signal to indicate 'danger; and means controlled by a train in the rear of said outrunning signal for cutting out the other of said sources of electric energy so that that remaining will energize said electroinagiietic devices to cause the outrunning signal to indicate safety and cause the inruniiing signaltto indicate danger. i

8. In a single-t-rack electric signaling system, the combination ofinruiming and outrunning signals; a signal-circuit containing l two polarized electromagnetic devices adapted to control the operation of saidsignals and each comprising one or more armatures positively movable in two directions accord iiig to the polarity of said circuit; opposing sources of electric energy; means controlled for cutting out one of said sources of electric energy and cause the' other sourceto e'ner-' gize said electromagnetic devices to cause the inruiiiiing signal to indicate safety and cause the outrun'ning signal to indicate danger; and means controlled by a train in the the other of said sources of electric energy so that that remaining will energize said electroinagnetic devices to cause the outrunning signal to indicate safety and cause the .inrunning signal to indicatedanger and means controlled by a train between said signals for holding both signals at danger. 9. In a single-track electric signaliii term, the combination of inrunning and outrunning signals; a signal-circuit containing 'two polarized electromagnetic devices adaptcontrolled means near each end of said block for energizing said i selector-circuit with a signals and a set of devices in a selective manner.

and each comprising one or more armatures I positively movable in two directions accordinrunni'ng signal. for cutting out one of said sources of electric he nirumi ng signal saidarmatures to a characteristic position.: i

sys;

sources of electric energy; means controlle by a train in'the rear of the inrunning signalv for cutting out one of said sources of electric energy and-cause the other source to ener-i gize said electromagnetic devices to cause the iIlIllIllll'Ilg signals to mdlcate safety and cause the outrunning signal to indicate danQ ger; and means 'controlledby a train in'the led to control the operation of said signals and each comprising oneormore armatures "positively movable in two directio'ns'accord-i ing tothe polarity of said circuit; opposing rear of said outrunningsign'alsfor cutting.

out the other of said sources of electric'energy so'that that remainingwill energize said electromagnetic devices to causethe outrun-f ning signal to indicate safet'yiand cause the:-

two polarized electromagnetic devices adapt ed to control the operation of said signals and each comprising one or more 'armatures positively movable in two directions according to the polarity of said circuit; opposing sources of electric energy; means controlled by a train in the rear of the inrunning signal for'cutt-ing out one of said sources 'of, electric energy and cause the other source to energize said electromagnetic devlces to cause the mrunnmg signal to indlcate safety and cause the outrunning signal to indicate danger; and means controll d by a train in the rear of said outrunning signal for cutting out the other of said sources'of electric energ so that that remaining will energize said electromagnetic devices to cause the outrunning signal to indicate safety and cause the inrunning signal to indicate danger; said two controlled mcans, when simultaneously actuated operating to hold one signalat safety and the other signal at danger and means controlled byatrain between said signals for holdin both signals at danger.

11. n a single-track signaling system; a

block comprising a plurality of subsections; inrunninghome anddistant signals for one subsection; outrunning home and dlstant signals for a second subsection; track-com trolled means at a distant subsection for controlling each distant signal; one set of home and distant signals normally at safety, and the other set normally at danger; train-con.-

trolled means near the .inrunning end of said blockto cause the inrunning home and distant signals to indicate safety and to cause -the o'utrunning home and distant signals to indicate danger; and'train-co11trolled means near the outrunning end of said block to cause the outrunning home anddistant signals to indicate safety and to. cause the inrunning home and distant signals to indicate da g rr 5.12; In s ingle-track signaling system; a "block com rising a" plurality of subsections; inrunning ome and distant signals for one subsecti0ll; outrunning home and idista'nt trolled means at a distant subsection for controlling each distant signal; one set of home anddistant signals normally at safety and the other set normally at danger; traincon- ;trolled-means near the inrunning end of-said block to cause the inru'nning home and dis- "the outru'nninghome and distant si nals to indicate danger; and train-controlle means nearthe outrunj'ning end of said block to cause" thejoutrunning home and distant sig nals-to indicate safety and to cause the in running home and distant signals to: indicate trolling each distant signal; one set ofhomesignals to cause e outrumnng s1g ,the other set normally at danger; train-com trolled means near the inrunning end of said block to cause the inrunning home and distant signals to indicate safety and to cause the outrunning home and distant signals to indicate danger; and train-controlled means near the outrunning end of said block to cause the outrunning home and distant signals to indicate safetyand to cause the inrunning home and distant signals to indicate danger; said two train-controlled means near the ends of the block, when simultaneously actuated, operating to maintain all signals at normal position.

14.. In asingle-track signaling system; a block comprising a plurality of subsections;

subsection; outrunning home and distant signals for asecond subsection; track-controlled meansat a distant subsection for controlling each distant signal; one set of home and distant signals normally at safety and the other set normally at danger; train-controlled means near the inrunning end of said block to cause the inrunning home and distant-signals to indicate safety and to'cause,

v indicate danger; andtrain-controlled means cause'the o utrunning home and distant signals to indicate'safety and to cause the indanger; said two train-controlled meansneai signals ,for a second subsection; tra'ck,con

tant signals to indicate safety and to cause s danger; train-controlled means between said and distant signals normally at safety and mrunning home-and distant signals for one the outrunning home and-distant signals to near'the outrunning end of said blockto running home and distant signals to indicate .ning signals to cause both the ends of the block, when simultaneously to maintain all signals actuated, operating at normalposition; and train-controlled means between said inrunning and-outrunthe inrunning and the outrunning signals'to indicate danger.

" two directionsby t cuits controlled by polarized armatures positively movable in he said selectors; local cir'' sa dpolarizcd armatures,

' and normally -r naintaining one or the other i of said sets of slgnals at safety and the other set at danger according toythe direction of the last tram movement; a s1gnal-c1rcu1t-mcl'udmg said electromagnetic selector-s n series; means actuated by, a train in the rear "of theinrunning signalsto energize said sig nalcircuit with a characteristic polarity so as to cause said inrunning signals to indicate safety and to cause said outrunning signals to indicate .danger; and trai -controlled meansfor a distant subsection for controlling the distant signal at a subsection remote from two directions; local circuits anaintaining one or to indicate. danger jning signals to indicate danger; and tramcontrolled means for. a

said distant subsection.

1.6. In a single-track electric signaling sys tern; a block comprising a plurality of subsections; a set of inrunning home and distant signals for one subsection; a set of outrunning home andfdistant signalsior asec- 0nd subsection; a plurality of electromagnetic selectors, each comprising one or more polarizedarmatures positively movable in controlled by said polarized armaturcs, and normally the other of said sets of signals at safety and the other set at danger according to the direction of the last train movement; a signal-circuit including said electromagnetic selectors in series; means actuated bya tram in the rear of the inrunhome and dis-'.

si nals for one subsection; a set of outrun- 'n'ing home and distant signals for a second subsection; a plurality of electromagnetic selectors, each comprising me or moredeadbeat polarized armatures'positively movable in two directions;

'said polarized armature's,;-';and normally maintaining one or the other of said sets of signals at safety and the other set at danger two d-irectio'ns by the sal circuits controlled by said polarized arma-- 1C0 according to the direction ofthe last train movement; a signal-circuit including said 5 electromagnetic selectors in series; means actuated by a train" in the rear'ofthe inrunning signals .to energize said signal-circuit with a characteristic polarity so as to cause said inrunning signals tomdicatesatety and So to cause. said inrunning signals'to indicate danger; means actuated by a train-in the rear of said outrunning signals to;-energize said signatcircuit- .with a' characteristic po-i larity so as to cause said outrunning signal to indicate safety and to cause said inrunning signals to indicate danger; and train-controllcd means at a distant subsection for controlling the distan't signal at a subsection. preceding said distant subsection.

18. In a single-track electric signaling system; .a block comprising a plurality of subsections; a set ,of inrunning home and distant signals for one subsection; a set of outrunning hom'e end-subsection; a plurality of electromag netic selectors each comprising one or more polarized armatures positively movable in d selectors; local tures, and normally maintaining one or the other ofsaid sets of signals at safety and'the ning signals to energize said signal-circuit- With a characteristic polarity so as to cause said inrunning signals to indicate safety and to cause said outrunning signals to indicate danger; means actuatedby a train in the rear of said signal-circuitwith a characteristic .polarity so as to cause said outrunning signals and to cause said inrunciated home signal.

17. In a single-traclteletrie signaling system; "a block comprising a plurality of sub-- sections; a set of inrunning home and distant said out-running signals to energize a train in the rear of said outrunnin; signals other set at danger according to the direc- .tion of the last train movement; a signalcircuit including saidelectromagnetic selec torscinseries; means actuated by a train in the rear of the inrunning'signals to energize said signal-circuit with a characteristic polarity so as to cause said inrunning signals (To indicate dan 'er and to caus signals to inr icate dangermieans actuated by to energize said signal-circuit with a characteristic polarity so as to cause said outru nning signals-to indicate safety and to cause said in- 1 I 5 running signals to indicate danger; and train controlled means at a distant subsection for controlling the distant-signal at a subsection preceding, said distant subsection; and train controlled means within said blocks to cause 1 2 all of said'signals to indicate danger.

19. In a. singletraek electric signaling S}S- tern; a block comprising a plurality of subsections; a set of inrunning home and distant signals for a second subsection; a plu- I25 rality of electromagnetic selectors each cornprismg one onmore polarized arniatures positively m'ovab'le n tvvo directions; local cirlocal circuits controlled by and distant signals for a sec' 5 c said outrunnin'g 1 0 3 5 said Bagels" cuits controlled by said polarized armatures, f and normally maintaining one or theother of said sets of signals atsafety and the other set at danger according to the direction of: 5 the'last tram movement; a slgnal-circult 1n eluding said electromagnetic selectors 1n se- "ries; means actuated by a train in the rear of theinrunning signals to energize said Sig nal-circuit with acharacteristic polarity so as to cause said inrunning signals toindicate safetyand to. cause sald outrunning signals to indicate danger; means actuated by a train inthe rear of said outrunning signals to energize sald signal-circuit With a polarity so as to cause said outrunning signals to indicate satety and to cause'sai dim innning' sig nals to mdicatedanger; and train-controlled a means at a distant subsection for controlling thedistant signal at a subsection preceding -'2 o said dlst ant subsection; sald two means-1n the rear of the inrunning and the outrunning signals, when actuated slmultaneously, op-

erating to maintain one set of home and dis-' tantsignals at safetyand the other set, at

' danger so as to avoid useless delay to traliiq 0 runnim home and distantsignals for a second su section; a,plu rality of electromagnetic selectors each comprising one or more polarized armatures positively movable 'in' two directions; local circuits controlled by polarized armatures,

signals'at safety andthe other set at danger according to the direction of'the lasttraini movement; a slgnal clrcuit including said a 4': electromagnetic selectors in series; means actuated by a train in the rear of the inrun ning' signals to energize said signal-circuit".

with a characteristic polarity so asto cause SilMllIlI'ilIlIllllg signals and to cause said out- 5 running'signals to indicate danger; means actuated by a train in the'rear of said outrunning signals to energize said signal-circuit ;with a characteristic polarity so as to cause'f said outrunnmg signals to indicate safety 59 and to cause said 1nrunn1ng signals to indicate dangerg and train-controlled means at a distant subsection forcontrolling the dis tant signal at a subsection preceding said distant subsection, said distant signal also. being controlled by its associated home signal said two means in the rear of the inrunning and the outrunnlng signals, when'actuated simultaneously, operating to maintain; one set of home and distant signals at safety 60 and the other set, at-danger soas to avoidv said twb means in the rear of the inrunning useless delay to traffic.

21. In a single-track electric signaling sys-i tem; a blockcomprising a plurality of sub-' sections; a set of inrunning home and disand normally; maintaining one or the other of said sets ofrunningb home and distant signals for a second su section; a plurality of electromagnetic s electors each comprising oneor' more deadebeat polarized armatures positively vmovable in two directions; local c'ircuitscontrolled by said polarized armatures, and nor,- 'mally maintaining one or 'the other of said sets of signals at safety and the other set at danger according to. the last train movement;

neticselectors in series; means actuated by a train mthe rear of the inrunnmgslgnals to energlze sa1d s1gnal-c1rcu 1t wltn a charactersignals'to indicate safetyand to cause said outrunning signals to indicate danger ;.means cuit with a characteristicjpolarity so,. a ls'to cause "SiLld outrunm'ng. slgnals to indicate indicate danger; and train-controlled means distant signal at a subsectionpreceding"said distant subsection, said distant signal also being controlled by its associated home signing and the outrunning signals,lwhen'actuated simultaneously, operatlng to mamtain and the otherset-at-danger so as to avoid useless delay to traflic.

tern; a block comprising a plura ity of subsections; aset of inrunning homeand distant electromagnetic [selectors each comprising :one' or more" polarized armatures positively movable inftwo directions by the said selectors; local circuits controlled by said polarone or the other of said sets of signals at to' the last train movement; a signal-circuitin cludin'g .said electromagnetic selectors in series;'rneans actuated by a train in the rear of the inrunning signals to energize said signal-circuit With a characteristic polarity so as to -cause said inrunning signals to indicate indicate danger; meansactuated-by atrain ergize said signal-circuit with alv characteristicfpolarityso as to cause said outrunning signals to indicate safety and to cause said *inrun'nin'g signals to indicate danger; and train-controlled means for a distantjsubsec tion fojr' controlling the distant signal at a subsection preceding said distant subsection;

ja'ndrthe outrunning signals, when actuated simultaneously, o er'atlng -to maintain. one

a signal-circuit including said e lectromagistic polarity so as to cause saidinrunningl 22. {In a single-track electric si naling sys;

signals for af'secondf subsection; a pluralit-yioi safety and the other set at danger according safetyand to cause said inrunning signals to in the'rear of said'dutrunning signals to en era "tant signals for one subsection a set of outactuated by a train in the rear of said outrunningfsignals to energize '-sa1dfs1gnal-c1rat 'a distant subsection forcontrolling the nal said two ,means in the rear of the inrun- I one set ofhome and distant signals at safety 5 1 -.i zed armatures, and normally maintaining set of home and distantsignals at safety and tem; a block comprising a the other set at dan er so as to avoid useless delay to tratiic; and train-controlled means within said block to cause all of said signals to indicate dan er When'actuated by a train.

23. Ina single-track electric si naling sys plu'ra ity of subsections; a set of inrunning home and distant signals for one subsection; a set of outrunning home and distant signals forla second said sets of signalsatsafety and the other set magnetic selectors in subsection; a pluralit of electromagnetic selectors each, comprlsm ized armatures positive y movable in two d1- rections by the said selectors; local circuits controlled by said polarized armatures, and

normally maintaining one or the other of at danger according to the last train'movement; a signal-circuit including said electroseries; means actuated by a train in the rear ofthe inrunningsignals to energize said signal-circuit with a characteristic polarity so as to cause said inrimnin O signals to indicate safety and to cause said inrunnmg signals to indlcate danger; meansactuated by-a train in the rear of said outrunning signals to energize said signal-circuit with a-characteristic polarity so as to cause said outrunning signals toindicate safety and tocause said inrunningsignals to indi-' cate danger; and train-controlled means at a distant subsection for controlling the distant signal at a subsection preceding said distant subsection, said dist-ant'signal also being con trolled by its associated home signal; said two means in the rear ofthc inrunning and the outrunningsignals; when actuated simulwithin said block to indicate danger when actuated by a train,

taneously,-operati1 1g to maintainone set of home and distant signals at safety and the other set at danger so as to avoid useless de-' lay totrailic; and train-controlled meansto cause all of said signals l 24; In-a single-trackielectric'signaling sys- .tem; a blocl; comprising a plurality of subsections a set of lnr'umnng home and d stant 'signals for one subsection; a set of outrundistant signals fora second-v ning home and subsection; aLplurality of electromagnetic selectors each comprising one or more dead beat polarized armatures positively movable in two directions by the said selectors; local circuits controlled--by-- said polarized arma- 'tures, and normally mamtammg one or the otherofsaid sets of signalsat 'sat'et'y and the other .set at danger according to the"last train movement; a signal-circuit including said ,electrom'agnetic ,selcctors in series;

means actuated by a train in the rear of the inrunning signals to energlz'e'said signal-cir- 111E with a characterictlc polarity so as to cause said inru-nnmg signals toindicatesafety and to cause said inrumiing' signals to indicate danger; means actuatedby a train in the rear of saidoutrunmng signals to en one or more polarsection; an inrunning ergize said-signal'circuit With a characteristic polarity so as to cause said outrunning signals to indicate safety and to cause said inrunning signals to indicate danger; and train-controlled means at a distant subsection for controlling the distant signal at a sub section preceding said distant subsection; said distant signal also being controlled by its associated home signal; said two means in the rear of the inrunning and the outrunning slgnals, when actuated. simultaneously, operating to'maintain one set of home and distant signals at safety and theother set at danger so as to avoid useless delay to trafiic; and

train-controlled means Within saidblo ck to cause. all of said signals indicate", danger when actuated by a train 25. In a single-track electric signaling system; a throughblo'ck comprising several subsections; an inrunning and an 'outrunning home signal nearthe respective inrunning and outrunning entrances of each subsection;

an inrunning distant signal near the-inrunning entrance to each subsection succeeded by a distant subsection with n said block;

an outrunning distant signal near the outrunning entrance of each subsectlon succeeded by a distant subsection wlthln said blocks; a

polarized electromagnetic selector near the.

end of each subsection andicontrolling the signals; said selectors normally maintaining the home and the distant si nals at the opposite ends of the through-b looks at safety and at danger respectively; a selector-circuit including said selectors train controlled means near the inrunning end of the through' blockfoperable to energize said selector-circuitwith a characteristic polarity to cause the inrunning home and distant signals near the inrunning entrance to the throughblocks and to cause the home and distant signals near the outrunning entrance to the through-block to indicate danger; train-controlled means near the outrunning end of the through-block operable to energize saidselector-circmt with a characteristicpolarity to cause the outrunmng: home and distant signals near the outrunning home and distant signals near the'outrunning entrance to theTthrough-blocks and to cause home and distant signals near theinrunning entrance to the through-block to indicate danger; and train-controlled means at a subsection to cause the associated home signal and the dis-- tant signal of TKO distant signal near the i block gan outrunning distant signal near the outrunning entrance of each subsection succeed'ed byQa distant "subsection within said blocks; a polarized electromagnetic selector near the end of each subsection andicpntroh ling the signals; said selectors normally main- .taining the home and theldis'tant signals at the opposite, ends of'th'e through-blocks at safety and at danger respectively; a'fs'eleoton circuit including said selectors; train-cons trolled means near the inri'umingend of the through-block operable to energize said selector cirouit with a characteristic polarity to cause the inrunn'ing home and distant signals near the. inrunning entrance to the through-blocks and to cause the home and distant signals near .the outrunnning' entrance to'the,through block to indicate dansection for blocking the associated home sigr "said; signals; said selectors "normally inter.-

ch'angeabl maintaining either all the inrun ringsub'section;

"betweensaid stations ompri iagseveralsub anfouti'unning subsection an inma I each: subsection ear-- sections n ger'; train-controlled means near-the outrun,

ning end of thethrough block operable to energize said selector-ciruit with a characteristic polarity to cause" the outrunning home and distant signals near the outrunning entrance to the-through-blocks and to cause home and distant signals near the inrunning entrance to the through-block to indicate danger; and traincontrolled means at a'sub- 11:11 and the distant signal ofa'precedingsubsection, each distant 'signal also being controlled by its associated home signal.

' P 27. In .a single-track electric signaling system; two passing-stations; a through-block between I said, stations" comprising several subsections; an inrunnin and an outrunning; home signal for each su section; a, inruliningfldistant signal for! each s.ubsectioneX- oept-the last'from the inrunning end of said J through b'1ock; an outrunning'fiistant signal foreachsubs'ection exceptthelast from the" outrunning end. of said' tthrou gh-block 'po larized jelec tnornagnetic, selectors at pred 0- termined localities throughout said throughblock and controlling .the signals; means at each: passing st'ation'for .controlling'f all of ning ornal .the outrunning signals at-safety v and also: at the same time either all the'fo'ut; -1unning own the inru nning signals atidana ger ed "as? to .avoidblocking bothan' winrun train'and: anloutrunning'train enteringou'sly; a" local track-circuit [for-I each} subsettio'n td control the associated horns signals;-

and means, for" each? distant subsection ffor controllingthedistant signal of-the preced -In a Singlei two p ssingasitatijons gj h Q inru'nning gnalforea, ning; distant signal" ningor all the out-running signals at safety [running signal for said block; a signal cifigcuit ow of a current- 0f algiyen'directionjinsaid TI plurality. of inrunning signalsand aplurality of outrunning signals for said 1 block; "tracksignalafsaid track-circui by SaI'CLSUbSGGtIODS;

rackelectric signaling sys "control eept the last from the-inrunning end of said through-block; an outrunning distant signal v for each subsection exceptthe lastfrom the outrunning end of said through block; p05

'laiized electromagnetic selectors 'at' predetermined locallties throughout said throughblock and controlling the sign als; means at each passing-station for controlling all-of said signals; said selectors'normally interohangeably maintainingeither all the 1mm;

each distant signal also being controlled by its associated home signal. i.

29. In a single-track electric signalingjsys tern; a block comprising .one vor more insu- I lated rail-sections an inrunning and ani'outcOntaining a source of energyand two phlarf, ized electromagnetic (levlces'adaptedtOf COIl-N.

-tro l theopera'tion of said signalsfmeans'eon':

trolled-by an inrunning tralnto permit ."the

signal-circuit to cause: vsaid in running signal to indicate safety meanslc'ontrolled b'y-an:

outrunning train to permit the flow of a our .r'entin the. opposite direction injsaid signalcircuit to cause said outrunning signaltoiri dicate safety; a' local tracleba ttery at each end ofaninsulated rail-section means controlled by said signal-circuit' for connecting each -fbattery' one at a time in oirc'uit through the rails of 'said section; and .'a trackrelay for '105 said batterywhioh also controls a-signal.

30; I'n-a single-track signaling system; a block comprising-a plurality of subsections; "a

I I 0 controlled '-'n1 eans* normally maintaining one of saiddniunningiand one Of-SfiJlCl outrunmng signals in opposite signaling positions; and

track-circuits havingfoverlap" control ofgsaid being controlled v '31. In "a single-track signaling system; a

provided with a pluralityof inrunnin'g signals and a plurality of'outrunning signals; said hlook comprising arpluralityaof-Subsc- 12o ,tio'n s; "a; selector-circu1t :norm ally maintaining one of said inrunn n' 7 running signals .respectivelyinfoppositesignaling positions and'additional. circuits hayg one of said outing overlap control of said signals-jandbeing led bysaid subsections.= v

-32 a single-track signaling system a bloc provided with a plurality ofinrunning positions; and track-controlledcircuits having overlap control of said signals. I WM. L. MORRIS,

signalsend a plurality of outrunning signals; l name (0 '.tl1is specification in the presence 0F track-controlled means nonnall'y nnnnlixuntwo subscrlblng wmne'sscs.

ing one of'said inrunning signals and one Of w W, said outffinning signals in opposite signaling W 1tnesses:

In testimony whereof I have signed 'my LEONARD DAY. 

